Haiti - Political and electoral system
Political and administrative structure
Has a republican-style representative government, with an executive, legislative and judicial branch. At the Executive level, the President of Haiti is the Head of State. The President is elected by populat vote and cannot serve two consecutive terms. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President and ratified by the National Assembly. The Cabinet is chosen by the Prime Minister in consultation with the President.
National parliament
La Asamblea Nacional de Haití (Parlement Haïtien) es bicameral. La Cámara de Diputados está compuesta por 119 escaños, elegidos a través del sufragio universal en circunscripciones uninominales por mayoría absoluta de votos, en dos vueltas, si necesario. A su vez, el Senado cuenta con 30 miembros elegidos directamente a través del sufragio universal. Cada uno de los 10 departamentos del país tiene tres (3) escaños en el Senado.
Municipal government
La administración de cada sección comunal está a cargo de un Concejo de tres (3) miembros electos por sufragio universal por un mandato de cuatro (4) años. El Concejo Administrativo de cada sección comunal es apoyado en su trabajo por una Asamblea de la sección comunal.
Duration of terms
The President has a five year term. The Senate consists of 30 sears; members are elected by popular vote with a a six year term; a third is elected every two years. The Chamber of Deputies consists of 99 sears; members are elected by popular vote with a four year term.
Representation system
Asamblea Nacional (Parlement Haïtien): sistema de dos vueltas (two-round system)
Quota and parity laws
Loi constitutionnelle portant amendement de la constitution de 1987 establishes the quota principle of at least thirty percent (30%) of women is recognized at all levels of national life including public service (art. 17.1). Any law relating to political parties must operate its structures and mechanisms in accordance with the quota principle of at least thirty percent (30%) established in article 17.1 (art. 31.1.1.).
Legal instruments applicable to municipalities
Loi Electoral 2008-001, Le Moniteur no. 13 - Spécial no. 3, 25 Juillet, 2008. Law of May 2009, Le Moniteur no. 169, which ammends article 232 of the Electoral Law of 2008.
Electoral Justice
Provisional Electoral Commission of Haiti (CEP).